Rwanda digital reforms could connect 1 million more people to mobile internet

A new GSMA report indicates that policy reforms in Rwanda could connect more than 1 million additional people to mobile internet by 2031. While the country has achieved extensive network coverage—with 4G reaching approximately 96% of the population and 3G reaching 99%—a significant gap remains between infrastructure availability and actual usage.

As of 2025, only 21% of Rwandans were unique mobile internet subscribers. This digital divide is characterized by a sharp contrast between urban and rural areas; approximately 57% of urban households have internet access compared to only 19% of rural households. Key barriers to adoption include the high cost of smartphones, limited digital skills, and a lack of relevant digital content and services for everyday life.

The report recommends focusing on device affordability, targeted digital skills programs, and sustainable network investment to help lower-income and rural communities participate in the digital economy. These efforts align with Rwanda’s broader development goals, including Vision 2050 and the National Broadband Policy and Strategy.