Scotland faces skills shortage risks in defence sector

A report by the Scottish Affairs Committee warns that Scotland faces a significant skills shortage that could prevent the region from capitalizing on increased UK defence spending. While Scotland remains central to the UK’s defence industry, the committee notes that the provision of apprenticeships and technical training is not keeping pace with future workforce requirements.

The shortage spans several critical areas, including STEM subjects, shipbuilding, advanced manufacturing, and cybersecurity. This deficit impacts supply chains necessary for national security and the delivery of international aid. The report highlights that while some companies have sought overseas workers to fill gaps, high security clearance requirements often make this difficult. Furthermore, the competition for skilled labor risks ‘cannibalising’ workforces in adjacent sectors like energy.

Financial data shows that Scotland’s share of Ministry of Defence industry spending was 6.78 per cent (£2,165 million) in 2024/25, a decrease from 10.19 per cent (£2,553 million) five years prior. Committee chair Patricia Ferguson stated that unless long-standing shortages are addressed, Scotland may miss out on the benefits of rising investment. The committee also noted that progress on establishing Defence Technical Excellence Colleges in Scotland has lagged behind similar initiatives in England.