Seabirds act as critical links between oceans and islands

A study published in ‘Nature Reviews Biodiversity’ introduces the concept of a ‘seabird circular economy,’ highlighting the critical role these animals play in connecting oceanic and terrestrial ecosystems.

Researchers, led by Holly Jones of Northern Illinois University, describe seabirds as ‘biological pumps.’ They consume prey in the ocean and transfer large quantities of nutrients to land-based breeding sites via guano. This process fertilizes islands and adjacent marine habitats, promoting coral growth, increasing fish populations, and enhancing marine ecosystem resilience against climate change.

Despite their ecological importance, approximately one-third of seabird species are currently threatened with extinction. The islands used for their reproduction are among the most vulnerable biodiversity hotspots on the planet.