Montenegro, Serbia, and Croatia implement major digital economic reforms

Several Balkan nations and Russia are implementing significant digital financial and administrative reforms.

In Montenegro, the Customs Administration has mandated a transition to entirely paperless operations. As of September 1, 2026, all customs declarations and supporting documents must be submitted electronically via XML format. This reform aims to align Montenegro with European Union standards, reduce administrative barriers, and lower costs for businesses by eliminating the need for physical document delivery.

In Serbia, 35 major retail chains with annual revenues exceeding 3 billion dinars are now required to publish digital price lists. These lists must be updated daily to allow consumers to compare prices across 25 product categories, including food and pet supplies. This measure is part of a new Law on Trade Practices intended to protect consumers and small agricultural producers.

In Croatia, the Tax Administration is upgrading its MIKROeRAČUN application. This will allow small entrepreneurs and craftsmen not currently in the VAT system to issue fiscalized e-invoices starting January 1, 2027. Testing for the updated application is expected to begin in October 2026.

Additionally, Russia has introduced the digital ruble, a third form of national currency issued by the Bank of Russia. Held in a digital wallet on the central bank's platform, it allows for 24/7 transfers and free transactions for citizens, though it does not replace traditional bank deposits or earn interest.