Shoulder pain causes and treatments explained by medical experts

Medical professionals are highlighting various causes of shoulder pain, ranging from adhesive capsulitis (commonly known as frozen shoulder) to rotator cuff tendon tears. Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, involves the inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule, which restricts movement in all directions. While traditionally affecting those around age 50, there is a growing trend of younger office workers experiencing this condition due to poor posture and sedentary lifestyles. High-risk groups include individuals with diabetes, thyroid disorders, or those recovering from shoulder injuries.

Frozen shoulder typically progresses through three stages: the painful (freezing) stage, the stiff (frozen) stage, and the recovery (thawing) stage. Treatment options vary by stage and severity, including anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, shockwave therapy, and physical therapy. In severe cases, minimally invasive surgery such as arthroscopic release may be required.

In addition to frozen shoulder, acute injuries like supraspinatus tendon tears can cause sudden, intense pain. For elderly patients or those with tendon injuries, newer therapies such as ultrasound-guided hyaluronic acid injections are being used to provide a scaffold for tissue repair, control inflammation, and promote healing. Experts advise seeking medical attention if shoulder pain persists or if there is a sudden loss of mobility.