Skin chemistry and microbiome determine who attracts mosquitoes

Scientific research shows that the main factor drawing mosquitoes to a person is the amount of carboxylic acids released by the skin. These fatty acids, produced by sebaceous glands, vary widely between individuals, making some people up to a hundred times more attractive to mosquitoes. The chemical “signature” remains stable over a lifetime, so a person born as a “mosquito magnet” is likely to stay one.

The skin’s microbiome also plays a role: diverse bacterial communities can break down sweat into volatile compounds that repel mosquitoes, while a less varied microbiome may increase attraction. Additional cues include body heat, lactic acid from sweating, and the carbon‑dioxide we exhale, which is especially strong in pregnant women, vigorous exercisers, and those consuming alcohol. Blood‑type preferences are unconfirmed, and mosquitoes tend to ignore green, blue and violet colors, preferring red, orange, black and navy hues.

These findings clarify why some individuals receive many bites while others receive none.