Social media reshapes political stability and democracy in Africa

Social media is increasingly reshaping political landscapes in Africa, moving beyond simple communication to influence how citizens decide on governance. While traditional coups were historically executed through military force and the seizure of radio stations, a new era of instability is emerging through digital influence.

Recent history shows a transition from traditional military coups—such as those in Mali (2020), Guinea and Burkina Faso (2021 and 2022), and Niger (2023)—to a landscape where digital narratives play a significant role. In response to recent military takeovers, the African Union suspended Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, and Niger. Consequently, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger formed the Alliance of Sahel States and withdrew from ECOWAS in January 2025, framing the move as resistance to existing institutions.