Socrates: Key facts about the life and philosophy of the ancient Greek thinker

Socrates, a foundational figure in Western philosophy who lived approximately between 470 and 399 BCE, is recognized for his unique method of questioning and his profound influence on subsequent thinkers like Plato. Although he left no written works, his ideas remain central to philosophical study.

Born in Athens, Socrates initially worked as a stonemason and sculptor. Historical accounts regarding his income vary: while students such as Aristophanes and Xenophon suggest he received payment for teaching to support his family, Plato recorded that Socrates refused payment, choosing instead to live a very modest and impoverished lifestyle.

Socrates was married to Xanthippe, and they had three children: Menexenus, Sofroniskus, and Lamprokle. Xenophon noted that Xanthippe was often dissatisfied with his profession, as he prioritized the intellectual education of Athenian youth over providing for his family. His primary focus remained the importance of the mind over physical attraction.