South African maize shows widespread mycotoxin co-contamination

Analysis of the 2025 maize harvest in South Africa reveals widespread mycotoxin co-contamination in corn samples. Every analyzed sample contained more than one mycotoxin, presenting a complex risk for livestock.

The dominant toxins detected include beauvericin (BEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fusaric acid (FA), and zearalenone (ZEN). This profile suggests a Fusarium-driven contamination pattern. While DON and ZEN are well-known, emerging toxins like BEA and FA are often excluded from routine monitoring despite their ability to cause gut irritation, oxidative stress, and impaired cellular function.

For the poultry sector, the risk is classified as moderate. However, because modern broilers, layers, and breeders have high genetic potential and limited physiological reserves, even subclinical disturbances in gut integrity, immune response, and nutrient utilization can lead to significant economic losses through reduced feed intake, weight gain, and eggshell quality.