Spain faces severe soil erosion and extreme weather risks

Spain faces significant environmental challenges due to climate change, including severe soil erosion and extreme weather events. According to 2023 Eurostat estimates, approximately 40,000 km² of Spanish territory is at serious risk of water-driven soil erosion, the second-highest area in the European Union after Italy. This erosion threatens organic matter, nutrients, and the soil's ability to retain water, which is critical during dry periods.

In response to these environmental pressures, the organization Save Soil has proposed that the upcoming Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) after 2027 should reward farmers who demonstrate measurable improvements in soil health. This comes as the European Commission considers allocating at least 300 billion euros to support agricultural income and manage crises.

Additionally, the country remains highly vulnerable to extreme weather phenomena such as floods, wildfires, and heatwaves. Recent torrential rains and 'DANA' events have caused significant flooding in regions like Catalonia, Valencia, and Andalusia. Beyond immediate physical damage and economic loss, medical experts warn of prolonged health impacts, including skin infections, gastroenteritis, and respiratory issues following such climate-driven disasters.