Surabaya Mall Fences Spark Debate Over Defensive Architecture

Iron fences have been installed on the outer perimeter of several shopping centres in Surabaya, prompting discussion on their impact on public space.

Architecture professor Rully Damayanti, dean of the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning at Universitas Kristen Petra, says the barriers are a form of defensive architecture intended to curb crime and vandalism. He warns that "fences affect not only aesthetics but also shape the impression of space," noting that overly high barriers can limit visual access, create psychological distance and make malls appear exclusive rather than open public venues.