T. rex body temperature estimated at 36 degrees Celsius

Researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, have provided the first direct estimate of the Tyrannosaurus rex body temperature, determining it was approximately 36 degrees Celsius (97 degrees Fahrenheit). The study, published in Science Advances, confirms that the apex predator was warm-blooded, possessing an active metabolism similar to humans.

To reach this conclusion, scientists utilized a refined geochemical method known as clumped-isotope analysis. By examining the chemical bonds of carbon and oxygen isotopes within fossilized tooth enamel, researchers can determine the temperature at which the material formed.

The study utilized small samples from the teeth of ‘Thomas,’ a relatively complete T. rex specimen held at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. This breakthrough was made possible by a new technique that requires 90% less fossil material than previous methods, allowing scientists to conduct precise tests without damaging significant museum specimens.