Terrorism and the reshaping of the international order

The 21st century has been characterized by the rise of international terrorism, which has acted as a geopolitical accelerator since the September 11 attacks 25 years ago. Terrorist groups have demonstrated a capacity to produce violence on a scale that challenges large state and social structures, creating a sense of insecurity that transcends traditional borders.

This era of terrorism has coincided with significant geopolitical adjustments, often exploiting fissures in the existing international order. The persistence of these actors suggests a need to re-evaluate the rules of the international system and the foundations upon which modern states are built, as current institutions struggle to manage phenomena that exceed their capacity.