TSMC targets 1.4nm chip trial production by April 2027

TSMC is accelerating its preparations for 1.4nm (14A) chip production technology, following its 2nm process. According to reports, the company may begin trial production of the 1.4nm process in April 2027, with mass production expected to commence in the second half of 2027. This timeline is approximately one year earlier than previous projections that suggested a 2028 start for mass production.

Construction is progressing at TSMC’s new facility in Taichung. The first factory’s steel frame is complete, and construction is expected to finish in early 2027. Plans for the Taichung site include a total of four factories. The second factory, P2, is currently undergoing steel structure installation, with a projected completion date of October 2027. The third and fourth facilities are in earlier stages, with completion planned for 2028.

TSMC’s investments in 1.4nm production are estimated at approximately $49 billion. The company aims to maintain its leadership in high-performance processors and artificial intelligence chips by transitioning to smaller production geometries through 14A technology.

This technological advancement builds on Taiwan’s long-term semiconductor strategy. Since the 1970s, the nation has focused on developing domestic capabilities through institutions like the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), which initially facilitated technology transfers from companies like RCA to establish a foundation for the global semiconductor industry.