University of Cologne researchers identify metabolic pathway linked to cold-induced longevity

Researchers at the University of Cologne have identified a metabolic signaling pathway that explains how moderate cold temperatures can extend lifespan and delay aging in both animals and humans.

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism, the study led by Professor David Vilchez revealed that muscle tissue acts as a central factory during cold exposure. Under cool conditions, the enzyme CAT-4 increases the production of the metabolite dihydrobiopterin (BH2) within the muscles. This BH2 is then transported to other tissues, such as the gut and nerve cells, where it is converted into tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).

This process promotes the production of the amino acid tyrosine via the PAH-1 enzyme. The resulting tyrosine supports cellular machinery in maintaining proteostasis, which is the ability of cells to manage damaged or clumped proteins. The study demonstrated that increasing BH2 production in muscles could extend lifespan even in warmer environments, suggesting potential future applications for preventing age-related diseases.