University of Costa Rica study reveals vast undocumented fungal diversity

A study conducted by the University of Costa Rica (UCR) has revealed that the country’s documented fungal diversity is significantly higher than previously thought, though much remains undiscovered. By analyzing 78,333 records spanning 170 years of research—from 1854 to 2023—scientists updated the number of known fungal species in Costa Rica from 5,676 to 6,789, a nearly 20% increase.

The research, published in the journal Plants, People, Planet, utilized data from fungaria (specialized scientific collections) and culture collections, including the Luis Fournier Origgi Herbarium and the National Herbarium of the National Museum of Costa Rica. While 6,789 species have been documented, researchers suggest the actual diversity could be vastly greater, with some estimates suggesting the potential for as many as 40,373 species within the territory.