University of Illinois engineers develop 3D-printable smart fabric

Engineers at the University of Illinois have developed an innovative 3D-printable smart textile that integrates multiple technological functions into a single structure. Using a zirconium oxide-based nanocomposite, the material is designed to provide passive cooling, detect movement, and generate small amounts of electricity.

The fabric utilizes radiative cooling to reflect up to 96% of solar radiation and dissipate body heat, potentially maintaining temperatures 3 to 6 degrees Celsius below the ambient air. Additionally, the material leverages the triboelectric effect, where mechanical friction from body movement generates stable electrical pulses, allowing the garment to function without bulky external batteries or rigid modules.