University of Tartu study links common drugs to long-term gut microbiome changes

Researchers at the University of Tartu’s Institute of Genomics have found that various common medications can alter the composition of the gut microbiome for years after use has ceased. Analyzing data from over 2,500 participants in the Estonian Biobank microbiome cohort, the study demonstrated that these long-term changes are not limited to antibiotics.

Other drug classes, including antidepressants, beta-blockers, proton pump inhibitors, and benzodiazepines, were also linked to distinct microbial patterns. Notably, benzodiazepines appeared to influence the microbiome in a manner similar to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Lead author Dr. Oliver Aasmets noted that while most studies focus on current medication, past usage is a significant factor in individual microbiome differences.

Additionally, emerging research is exploring the connection between microbial composition and personality traits. Some studies suggest a link between specific bacteria in the gut and oral cavities and psychopathic personality traits, such as low empathy and impulsivity, though researchers caution that these findings are not sufficient for clinical diagnosis.