Urban noise pollution poses significant health and economic risks

Urban noise pollution, defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as sounds exceeding 65 decibels during the day and 55 decibels at night, is driving serious public health concerns. Primary sources include vehicular traffic, rail and air transport, industrial activities, and construction.

Constant exposure can lead to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), tinnitus, and cardiovascular issues such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease. Additionally, noise disrupts sleep and contributes to mental health struggles, including stress and anxiety. The WHO warns that by 2050, one in four people may face hearing problems, with 700 million requiring otological care.

Beyond health, the economic impact is substantial due to rising healthcare costs, lost productivity, and decreased property values. In Mexico, an estimated 4.3 million people in cities are exposed to unacceptable noise levels from land transport, with urban noise impacts potentially affecting 46 million residents at an annual cost of 1,692 million pesos.