US Congress report identifies four Russian attacks against Bulgaria

A United States Congressional report on Russia’s hybrid warfare against Europe and NATO identifies at least four Russian attacks against Bulgaria between 2018 and 2025. The document details 151 total Russian attacks against European nations and NATO allies, including sabotage, cyberattacks, GPS signal jamming, and interference in political processes.

Research cited in the report indicates that attacks against EU member states quadrupled during the 2023–2024 period. The report highlights the NATO eastern flank, specifically mentioning Poland, the Baltic states, Romania, and Bulgaria. For Bulgaria and Romania, significant attention is given to GPS jamming in the Black Sea region. While Bulgarian military officials acknowledge the jamming, the report notes they have declined to name a specific perpetrator, whereas Romanian officials have openly attributed the interference to Russia.

Bulgaria is described as the most vulnerable EU country to anti-democratic influences and manipulation, with the report mentioning allegations of political bribery and influence over political processes. Additionally, the document lists cyberattacks against government websites and electoral systems in both Bulgaria and Romania. Specific instances of suspected sabotage mentioned include two ammunition depot fires in Karnobat in 2022 and 2023, and an explosion at an ammunition factory near Tryavna.