US withdrawal from Paris Accord and Ukraine‑Iran conflicts spur renewable energy shift

President Donald Trump ordered the United States to leave the Paris Agreement, weakening global climate commitments. The European Union has eased regulations aimed at achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, while Germany has temporarily allowed coal use as it adjusts its energy mix amid the Russia‑Ukraine war. In Spain, the governing People's Party and Vox have rejected several European Green Deal policies.

The United States' military action against Iran led to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, causing a sustained rise in oil prices. This price shock prompted many nations to accelerate diversification of energy supplies and increase the share of local renewable sources such as wind and solar. Spain, for example, saw a smaller rise in electricity costs compared with peers because a higher proportion of its power mix comes from renewables.

Overall, geopolitical tensions and policy roll‑backs have paradoxically boosted the transition to renewable energy across multiple countries.