Veterinarians set recommended limits for dogs left alone

Veterinarians say dogs are social animals that need companionship, physical activity and mental stimulation. As a general rule, adult dogs should not be left alone for more than four to six consecutive hours, while puppies under six months should not be alone for more than two hours.

Extended periods without human contact can cause stress, separation anxiety and behavioral problems such as excessive barking, destructive chewing, indoor accidents or compulsive licking. Experts advise owners to ensure the dog has exercised, access to fresh water and a safe space with toys before leaving the house.

Canine depression may also develop after major changes in routine, environment or household members. Signs include lethargy, loss of appetite, altered sleep patterns and reduced interest in activities. Owners should first consult a veterinarian to rule out health issues, then increase walks, playtime and affection, and avoid rewarding sad behavior with treats. If needed, a specialist can provide specific treatment.