Vietnamese folk traditions of using simple names for child protection

In Vietnamese folk tradition, parents historically gave children simple or even ‘ugly’ names—such as Cu, Ti, Teo, or Den—to ensure they grew up healthy and safe. This practice was rooted in the belief that unattractive names would prevent negative spiritual energies or unseen forces from noticing the child.

Beyond superstition, these naming customs were also a response to the harsh living conditions and limited medical care of previous generations. High infant mortality rates led parents to avoid grand or beautiful names out of fear that high expectations might lead to misfortune or loss. By choosing modest names, parents sought to protect their children from illness and ensure they could grow up peacefully.