Vitamin D and calcium deficiency: causes and symptoms

Medical research highlights that vitamin D deficiency remains common even during summer months. Key factors contributing to this include avoiding midday sun exposure to prevent burns, as UVB rays required for vitamin D synthesis are most effective when the sun is high in the sky. Additionally, high-SPF sunscreens can reduce skin vitamin D synthesis by 95% to 98%.

Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium absorption. A deficiency in vitamin D can lead to symptoms of hypocalcemia, even if calcium intake is sufficient. Calcium deficiency may manifest through muscle cramps, tremors, mental fatigue, poor concentration, and brittle hair or nails.

To maintain proper mineral levels, experts suggest that calcium should primarily be sourced from a balanced diet—including dairy, nuts, seeds, and leafy greens—rather than supplements alone. Proper absorption also requires magnesium for cellular transport and vitamin D for uptake. Weight training is also recommended to strengthen bones and support mineral maintenance.