Weather extremes impact maize in Argentina and hazelnut yields in Chile

Agricultural producers in Argentina and Chile are facing significant challenges due to adverse weather conditions affecting key crops.

In Argentina, specifically in the central and northern regions of Córdoba, intense winds have caused severe damage to mature maize crops. Research from the National University of Córdoba suggests that planting density and row direction are critical for structural resistance. Findings indicate that reducing planting density from 8–9 plants per square meter to 5–6 plants can reduce stem breakage from 50% to less than 15%. Additionally, planting in a North-South direction, parallel to prevailing winds, can halve losses compared to East-West orientation.

In Chile, heavy rainfall during July and August has threatened the European hazelnut industry. Specialists from the Agricultural Research Institute (INIA) warn that soil saturation during the pollination stage could reduce production by up to 30% for the upcoming season. Excessive water increases the risk of root diseases, such as Phytophthora, which spreads more easily in waterlogged soils. Experts emphasize that preventing soil flooding for more than 48 hours through proper drainage and soil studies is essential for management.