World Menopause Day highlights biological transitions and health awareness

World Menopause Day is observed on October 18 to encourage women to discuss the challenges of menopause and to combat misinformation and stigma surrounding this biological transition.

Menopause is a natural process typically occurring between the ages of 45 and 55, though it can occur earlier due to illness or surgery. It is defined by the absence of menstrual bleeding for 12 consecutive months. The transition often begins with perimenopause, a period where estrogen levels fluctuate, leading to irregular cycles, mood changes, and sleep disturbances.

While hot flashes and night sweats are common symptoms experienced by up to 80 percent of women, menopause can involve over 30 physical and emotional symptoms. These include anxiety, sleep disorders, concentration issues, skin changes, decreased libido, and vaginal dryness. Because estrogen plays a vital role in bone, skin, hair, and cardiovascular health, managing the transition is essential for long-term quality of life.