Zambia targets 10,000 MW power capacity amid energy sector reforms

Zambia aims to increase its installed electricity generation capacity to 10,013 MW by 2030 and 23,193 MW by 2050 through its Integrated Resource Plan (IRP). Current capacity has grown from 3,777 MW in 2024 to 4,722 MW, according to Ministry of Energy Permanent Secretary Arnold Simwaba.

To achieve these targets, the country is implementing reforms to encourage private sector participation, including the Electricity Open Access Regulations, an Energy Single Licensing System, and a Net Metering Programme. The expansion will focus on diversifying the energy mix, which currently relies on hydropower for 79.6 percent of generation. Variable renewable energy is projected to rise from 7.9 percent to 56 percent by 2050.

However, the Ministry of Energy warns of significant financial requirements. Implementing the IRP will require approximately $11.6 billion by 2030 and a total of $31 billion by 2050. Under an Open Access electricity market model, the state utility ZESCO could face a financing gap of up to $23.1 billion between 2033 and 2050. Current annual financing levels are estimated at $231 million, which is insufficient to meet the required $1.07 billion annual investment needed for the plan.