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AI applications in neurological diagnostics

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2026-09-20 13:52 UTC → 2026-09-27 15:11 UTC · added ~~removed~~

Researchers are increasingly applying artificial intelligence to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions. In the United States, scientists have developed deep-learning systems to map brain aging and dementia risk. At the University of Southern California, a system led by Associate Professor Andrei Irimia uses MRI scans to identify specific brain regions that age at different rates. Additionally, researchers from the University of California, San Francisco, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have developed a machine-learning model that analyzes EEG recordings during sleep. By examining microscopic characteristics of brain waves, the system calculates a ‘brain age’. Findings indicate that a 10-year gap between estimated brain age and chronological age correlates with a nearly 40 percent increase in dementia risk. Further advancements include the development of a system using a model called SigLIP, which combines brain MRI images with clinical ~~data such as age, sex, and memory test results.~~ data. In a study of 416 individuals, this method achieved an AUC of 0.91 for predicting the risk of progression to Alzheimer’s disease over a four-year ~~period, outperforming models based solely on memory scores (0.85) or specific biomarkers (0.73).~~ period. New research from Harvard Medical School suggests that tracking gray matter shrinkage ~~across eight key brain regions~~ via routine MRI scans may help predict the progression speed of early-onset Alzheimer’s. ~~Additionally, an analysis of the ARIC cohort study found that arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity, is linked to increased dementia risk in older adults.~~ In the Czech Republic, ~~studies from the University of Ostrava and associated institutions~~ AI tools have demonstrated ~~that AI can serve as a reliable tool for~~ high reliability in monitoring multiple sclerosis activity. An Expanding on these predictive capabilities, the EU-funded AI-Mind project is developing AI ~~tool designed~~ tools to ~~automatically~~ identify ~~new or enlarging lesions on MRI scans matched expert assessments~~ individuals at high risk of dementia before clinical symptoms manifest. Led by researchers such as Vebjørn Andersson and neurologist Ira Haraldsen at Oslo University Hospital, the project aims to facilitate earlier monitoring and intervention. Meanwhile, in ~~91.8 percent~~ England, experts at the Alzheimer’s Society are calling for a major overhaul of ~~cases. Recent developments have expanded these predictive capabilities.~~ dementia care, proposing a target for patients to receive a precise diagnosis within 18 weeks of seeing a GP to address current delays that average 3.5 years.

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