Disciplinary practices in Texas public schools

Investigations into Texas public schools have highlighted a trend of increasingly strict disciplinary measures for young students. Reports indicate that thousands of elementary-age children, some as young as 6, are being placed in disciplinary alternative education programs (DAEPs) annually. While these programs were originally intended for serious misconduct, school districts use broad discretion to assign students for minor infractions such as defiance or attendance issues.

Beyond alternative schooling, there has been a documented increase in the criminalization of school misconduct. Since 2014, more than 47,000 students aged 10 to 13 have been referred to the criminal justice system. During the 2024-25 academic year, referrals for this age group rose by approximately one-third compared to a decade ago. Most cases involve minor offenses, including physical altercations or the use of cannabis vapes.

Critics and families have raised concerns regarding the impact of these practices, noting that they can disrupt foundational learning, exacerbate issues related to undiagnosed disabilities, and cause significant financial and psychological strain on families.