Fatty liver disease prevalence and risk factors

Medical experts and research have highlighted the rising prevalence and complex risk factors associated with fatty liver disease, recently referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

In Taiwan, health professionals have warned of increasing rates among middle-aged men, noting that approximately 39.7% of men in the region suffer from the condition. Experts such as Dr. Li Zong-ying have cautioned that the disease can progress to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, while also increasing risks for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Clinical recommendations include weight loss through diet and exercise, though the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration has approved GLP-1 receptor agonists for managing metabolic risks.

Further research indicates that risk factors extend beyond obesity. Gastroenterologist Natália Trevizoli has noted that individuals with a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) may still face risks due to visceral fat accumulation or insulin resistance. Studies on dietary patterns suggest that long-term consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats provides protection, whereas diets high in refined grains, added sugars, and sodium increase liver health risks.