FCC environmental review reforms for space and wireless

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has moved to reform its environmental review processes under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Initially, the agency proposed exempting satellite constellations from these reviews to reduce “red tape” and prevent outdated regulations from hindering telecommunications infrastructure investment.

Following this proposal, the FCC adopted an order to overhaul its processes, specifically excluding actions related to outer space from being classified as ‘major federal actions’ under the statute. This reform is expected to expedite the buildout of space-based communications by exempting satellite launch approvals from lengthy reviews. Additionally, the new regime is projected to eliminate NEPA reviews for more than 14,800 annual wireless deployments, such as cell towers.

While critics have raised concerns regarding the impact of satellite constellations on the upper atmosphere, astronomical research, and light pollution, business advocacy groups like the U.S. Chamber of Commerce have supported the decision. Supporters argue that space-based operations fall outside the scope of NEPA and that existing oversight for orbital debris and radio frequency exposure remains in effect.