Indian judicial system case backlog issues

The Indian judicial system is facing significant challenges regarding massive case backlogs and systemic delays. Initially, the Supreme Court of India, led by Chief Justice Surya Kant, raised concerns specifically regarding consumer commissions. The court noted that prolonged delays undermine the purpose of providing speedy justice and demanded a comprehensive report from the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) regarding pending cases, vacancies, and disposal rates.

Broader assessments of the judiciary highlight a long-standing crisis, with millions of cases pending across district courts, High Courts, and the Supreme Court. Experts have attributed these delays to a shortage of judges and a lack of transparency in the judicial appointment process, specifically criticizing the collegium system. Regional data indicates high pendency in states such as Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu, with reports suggesting that the establishment of fast track courts has not necessarily improved the speed of hearings.