Neurological explanations for sleep phenomena

Scientific research and medical experts have provided explanations for common sleep disturbances, specifically sleep paralysis and hypnic jerks.

Sleep paralysis is identified as a physiological phenomenon occurring during the REM stage of sleep. It happens when the brain induces muscle atonia to prevent physical movement during dreams, but a person regains consciousness while the body remains in this state of immobility. This can result in an inability to move and sensations of chest pressure or hallucinations.

Hypnic jerks are involuntary muscle contractions occurring during the transition from wakefulness to sleep, often accompanied by a sensation of falling. While the exact cause is not fully understood, it is suggested the nervous system may misinterpret muscle relaxation signals. Factors like stress, caffeine, and sleep deprivation can increase their frequency.

Additionally, specialists from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) note that attempting to force sleep after waking up during the night can be counterproductive. Dr. Francisco Díaz García explains that the intense effort to fall asleep may activate alert systems rather than allowing the brain to relax.