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Poland energy market volatility and heating transition

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2026-10-25 09:35 UTC → 2026-10-26 06:30 UTC · added ~~removed~~

Poland’s energy sector faces ongoing volatility and rising costs. While photovoltaics reached 23 percent of electricity production by June 2026, the market remains unstable. To improve grid stability, energy storage initiatives are being implemented in regions such as Konecki County. The heating sector is under significant pressure. Coal imports rose by 168 percent in the first half of 2026, with supplies coming from Kazakhstan and Colombia. Domestic heating coal prices have surged, with median prices around 1,800 PLN per ton. As of October 2026, coal stocks at mines have decreased by approximately 44 percent compared to the previous year, according to Łukasz Horbacz, president of the Polish Chamber of Coal Sellers. High demand has led to stockouts at Polska Grupa Górnicza (PGG) and rising prices in private storage, reaching up to 2,500 PLN for certain eco-pea coal varieties. PGG reported selling 29% more heating coal by October 14 than in the entire year of 2025. Pellet prices also remain high, ranging between 2,000 and 2,500 PLN per ton. In response, the Polish Pellet Council has proposed a ‘Pellet Plus’ initiative to the Ministry of Energy, suggesting a 15% tax relief for households. Meanwhile, the Commissioner for Human Rights has requested information from the Ministry of Climate and Environment regarding potential support for pellet users. Regulatory shifts are accelerating the transition. Under the EU’s Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), subsidies for standalone natural gas boilers will cease in 2025, and new private buildings must meet Zero Emission Building standards by 2030. While coal remains the dominant heat source at 52.8%, biomass now accounts for 15.27% of production. The government’s Heating Transformation Strategy through 2040 aims to transition 15 million people from coal to gas and renewables. To support this, municipal governments are providing subsidies for heat pumps and biomass boilers, while urban areas increasingly integrate industrial waste heat and solar thermal collectors. To mitigate costs, the government has implemented the third phase of the ‘Lower Fuel Prices’ (CPN) package. Meanwhile, the implementation of the EU’s ETS2 system is expected to impact households starting in 2028, covering emissions from building heating and road transport.

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