Romanian juvenile legal and mental health rights

The legal framework for juvenile delinquency in Romania focuses on rehabilitation and age-based accountability. Children under 14 lack criminal liability, while those aged 14 to 16 are held accountable only if psychiatric and medico-legal expertise proves they acted with discernment. Minors aged 16 and older are subject to criminal law, which prioritizes educational measures and social reintegration.

In a recent legislative development, the Romanian Senate rejected a proposal to allow 16-year-olds to access psychological counseling without parental consent. The bill, supported by 42 organizations including the National Students Council, sought to remove barriers for minors seeking mental health support. Under existing regulations and the College of Psychologists' Code of Ethics, therapy generally requires signatures from both parents.

Critics, including World Vision Romania, argued that the consent requirement prevents adolescents in abusive or neglectful environments from seeking help. Following the Senate's rejection of the project with 56 votes against, the matter has been appealed to the Chamber of Deputies.