Second Temple period archaeological discoveries in Israel

Archaeologists have identified significant Second Temple period ritual purification sites in Israel.

In Kiryat Gat, a 2,000-year-old ritual bath, or mikveh, was successfully relocated from a construction site. The 25-ton structure was moved intact to the National Treasures Department in Beit Guvrin. The discovery suggests the existence of a previously unknown Jewish settlement in the transition zone between the Judean Lowlands and the northern Negev, which researchers believe was abandoned during the Bar Kokhba Revolt.

In Jerusalem, a large-scale excavation in the Ophel area near the Temple Mount revealed a massive ritual purification complex dating to the early first century A.D. This 280-square-meter site includes a central pool and three large mikvaot, one of which features an intact vaulted stone roof. The complex included a sophisticated drainage system and was likely used by pilgrims during biblical festivals. Coins found at the site suggest the facility remained active until the destruction of the Second Temple around A.D. 70.