[REVISION HISTORY]

Vietnam expands legal reforms and penalties

Updated 27 times since CLSTR started tracking revisions of this situation.

What changed

2026-10-25 07:53 UTC → 2026-10-26 23:46 UTC · added ~~removed~~

Vietnam’s reform drive has accelerated across multiple sectors. In early July, the Ministry of Public Security drafted a Criminal Code amendment granting police immunity for actions taken in the line of duty and a parallel amendment allowing non‑record fines based on technical evidence. The National Assembly’s Standing Committee later approved a draft resolution to exempt officials from criminal liability under specific innovation‑risk criteria. Subsequent reforms tightened the Postal Law, telecom penalties, and labor violations, while AI traffic cameras began issuing thousands of fines. In late August, new decrees addressed data privacy and information access. Decree 330/2026/NĐ-CP, effective August 19, established penalties for violating personal data privacy, including fines for individuals who publicly expose others' information online (referred to as ‘bóc phốt’). Under this decree, mishandling sensitive data can incur fines up to 70 million VND, with specific penalties for processing data without consent or ignoring requests to stop processing. Decree 337/2026/NĐ-CP mandated technical infrastructure to ensure information access for vulnerable groups. Regulatory updates in the digital and land sectors took effect in late August and early September. Decree 284/2026/ND-CP, effective 1 September, established penalties for unlicensed crypto service providers. Decree 281/2026/NĐ-CP, effective 31 August, decentralized land management authority, allowing commune-level chairpersons to issue significant fines. Additionally, Decree 326/2026/NĐ-CP introduced a 12-digit location identification code for land and buildings, integrated into the VNeID application. In the real estate sector, Decree 339/2026/NĐ-CP targets high-rise mismanagement and brokerage violations. ~~Effective August 26, it imposes fines~~ Recently, Minister of Public Security Luong Tam Quang submitted a draft amendment to the Law on ~~brokers without certificates and penalizes condominium management boards for misusing maintenance funds. Under this same decree, real estate developers and brokerages face~~ Handling of Administrative Violations to the National Assembly. The proposal seeks to increase maximum administrative fines ~~between 240 million and 300 million~~ by 50%, reaching 1.5 billion VND for ~~accepting contract payments in cash or through unofficial channels, as all transactions must now pass through domestic credit institutions to prevent tax evasion~~ individuals and ~~money laundering.~~ 3 billion VND for organizations.

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