[REVISION HISTORY]

Water scarcity in Brazil and global desertification efforts

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2026-09-06 16:40 UTC → 2026-09-09 22:46 UTC · added ~~removed~~

Northeast Brazil faces severe water scarcity and climate variability, particularly in the semi-arid sertão region of Pernambuco. Challenges include low precipitation and high evaporation rates, necessitating management strategies such as rainwater harvesting, desalination, and wastewater reuse. This is compounded by expanding desertification; data indicates approximately 18% of Brazil’s territory is susceptible to desertification, threatening food and water security for roughly 39 million people. To address these threats, the Brazilian government launched the PAB-Brazil 2025–2043 action plan and the Recaatingar program. In August 2026, the 17th United Nations Conference to Combat Desertification (COP17) commenced in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, under the theme ‘Restoring Land, Restoring Hope’. The summit addressed a global crisis where approximately 40% of the world's land surface is degraded, affecting 3.2 billion people. Negotiations focused on securing massive financial resources to bridge an annual funding gap of approximately US$ 278 billion. During the summit, an African coalition led by Côte d'Ivoire adopted a declaration to combat illegal gold mining and land degradation through cross-border ~~cooperation and land restoration.~~ cooperation. The Guinean delegation also raised concerns regarding the environmental impact of illegal gold mining on soil and water resources. The conference concluded without reaching a global agreement to address droughts or a full consensus on global environmental integration, a situation attributed to political difficulties among developed nations. Several proposals from indigenous peoples, local communities, women, and youth were blocked, with ~~these topics scheduled for discussion at COP18 in Egypt. Despite this, COP17 secured~~ the announcement of a $1.3 billion ~~funding plan~~ investment portfolio for land restoration and drought ~~resilience, targeting~~ resilience across 23 ~~countries. This includes~~ countries, including $644.5 million in new ~~funding and $216.4 million in confirmed funds.~~ funding. Additionally, the Rangelands Flagship Initiative launched a $1.2 billion portfolio comprising 45 projects. However, the summit failed to reach a consensus on establishing a global ~~catalytic financing platform~~ instrument for drought ~~resilience was created, aiming to mobilize up~~ or including formal agenda items for gender and indigenous peoples, leaving these issues for COP18 in Egypt. The International Drought Resilience Alliance (IDRA) also introduced the first Drought Resilience Index to ~~$400 million.~~ assist in managing soil and water health.

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