Australia launches its most inclusive census with new gender and sexuality questions

Australia’s 19th national census is scheduled for 11 August 2026 and includes a suite of new questions on gender identity, sexual orientation, expanded ancestry options and non‑gendered household terminology. The Australian Bureau of Statistics says the changes aim to provide a more accurate demographic picture of diverse families and to guide public funding decisions.

The revisions have sparked public debate over privacy and data protection, with critics warning of potential misuse of sensitive information. Advocates such as April Long, who previously lodged a complaint with the Australian Human Rights Commission, argue the new questionnaire is a historic step toward inclusion. Demographers Mark McCrindle and Dr Liz Allen highlighted the milestone for LGBTQ+ visibility, noting that the census now allows respondents to identify beyond the traditional male‑female binary and to use terms like "Parent 1" and "Parent 2" where appropriate. New encryption and handling protocols have been introduced to safeguard respondents’ data.

The census is compulsory for all residents, and the broader discussion reflects ongoing cultural shifts in Australia regarding the capture of personal identity in official statistics.