Brazil warns of surge in winter respiratory illnesses and related health risks

With winter beginning on June 21, Brazil’s health authorities are warning of a sharp rise in respiratory infections. The State Health Secretariat (SESA) highlighted an expected increase in cases among children, noting more than 1,600 pediatric pneumonia admissions in Paraná last year and urging parents to watch for fever, irritability, breathing difficulties and reduced feeding.

Medical experts say cold, dry air combined with higher indoor crowding and pollution aggravates conditions such as rhinits, bronchitis, asthma and skin irritation. Dr. Eduardo Leme of Hospital de Caridade São Vicente de Paulo recommends maintaining indoor humidity above 30 %, staying hydrated and limiting exposure to smoke and dust.

Nutrition specialists stress that immunity in winter depends on a balanced diet rich in vitamin C, zinc, vitamin D, protein and vitamins A and E, alongside adequate sleep, exercise and stress control.

Dermatologists also warned that post‑viral inflammation can trigger telogen effluvium, a temporary hair‑loss condition observed after severe infections such as COVID‑19. They advise monitoring hair shedding two to three months after illness and seeking professional guidance if it persists.

Additional guidance for families includes keeping a home “pharmacy” of pediatric‑approved antipyretics, using saline nasal washes, ensuring proper hydration, and seeking medical care promptly for persistent fever, difficulty breathing, severe abdominal pain or signs of dehydration.