Cantabrian brown bear expands territory across the Iberian Peninsula

A study by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and the Doñana Biological Station reveals that the Cantabrian brown bear is significantly expanding its range across the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. After facing near extinction in the 1990s due to environmental factors and food resource changes, the species has seen a major recovery.

As of February 2023, a genetic census recorded 370 individuals, consisting of a western subpopulation of 250 and an eastern subpopulation of 120. The research shows that while the bear's presence area dropped by 25% during the first two decades of study, it grew by 70% in the most recent decade, leading to the reconnection of two previously isolated populations.

While the expansion to 17,000 square kilometers indicates successful protection measures and suitable habitats, experts warn that current recovery plans only cover approximately 50% of the species' current distribution. This leaves nearly half of their territory without formal protection, potentially increasing conflicts with livestock, crops, and beekeeping.