Cortisol levels and their impact on health and metabolism

Cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, blood pressure, glucose levels, and the body's response to stress. While levels naturally peak in the morning and decline throughout the day, prolonged elevation can lead to various health issues.

Medical experts identify several non-psychological factors that can trigger elevated cortisol. These include irregular eating habits, such as skipping breakfast or following overly restrictive diets, which can stress the body. Maintaining a routine with regular meals and consistent sleep patterns is recommended to support adrenal health. Additionally, while physical activity is beneficial, excessive training without adequate recovery can cause temporary spikes in cortisol.

Common symptoms of high cortisol include weight gain (particularly around the abdomen and face), high blood pressure, acne, sleep disturbances, irritability, and chronic fatigue. In women, it may also cause irregular menstruation. Severe indicators that require medical consultation include a rounded face, purple stretch marks, muscle weakness, and early-onset osteoporosis. Diagnosis typically requires laboratory testing through blood, urine, or saliva analysis.