El Nino threatens Vietnam with extreme heat and saltwater intrusion

A powerful El Nino phenomenon is expected to cause abnormal heatwaves and severe saltwater intrusion in Vietnam, particularly affecting the Mekong Delta. Forecasters from the National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting indicate that the El Nino state is currently in a very strong phase, with its peak intensity projected between now and early 2027.

In recent months, temperatures across the country have already risen 1 to 2 degrees Celsius above historical averages, with several meteorological stations breaking long-standing temperature records. Looking ahead, temperatures in the Central Highlands and Southern regions are expected to remain 1 to 2 degrees Celsius higher than normal through early 2027.

In Ca Mau province, rainfall has already dropped 10% to 20% below average. Due to the high risk of drought and freshwater shortages, local authorities are seeking to expedite projects to transport water from the Hau River to support residents. Projections suggest that from November 2026 to April 2027, rainfall in the lower Mekong River basin could be 20% to 40% lower than average, with even more significant decreases in the South.