Eötvös Loránd University study explores deep emotional bonds between humans and dogs

A study published in Scientific Reports, co-authored by Dr. Borbála Turcsán and Professor Enikő Kubinyi from Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), examines the similarities and differences between dog–human and human–human relationships.

Based on evaluations from 717 caregivers across 13 scales, the research found that relationships with dogs were rated higher in most dimensions than relationships with parents, siblings, best friends, and often partners. Only relationships with children were rated higher, and only by a small margin.

Researchers suggest this shift reflects a cultural response to increasing social isolation and loneliness. As urbanization and individualism shrink human kinship networks, pets provide a vital outlet for companionship, affection, and care, leading many to integrate dogs into family structures and budgets.