Extracellular Vesicle Advances in AML Therapy and Human Milk Research

A study on acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) showed that combined inhibition of the FLT3 kinase with Crenolanib and the Hedgehog pathway with HPI‑1 produced a synergistic anti‑cancer effect in AML cell lines MOLM‑14 and MV4‑11. Proteomic analysis revealed that treatment selectively reduced the transport of ribosomal proteins and ErbB‑signalling members (e.g., RPS26, RPL27A, GAB1, GRB2, SHC1) into extracellular vesicles, a finding confirmed in EVs from AML patients compared with healthy donors.

A separate scoping review examined 113 publications on human‑milk‑derived extracellular vesicles (HMEVs), highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents. The review identified gaps such as the need for standardized isolation and storage protocols, criteria for donor selection, defined mechanisms of action, safety parameters, and appropriate disease models for evaluating efficacy, especially given the challenges of modelling infant physiology.