Genetic mutations explain why some people require less sleep

Scientists have identified genetic mechanisms that allow certain individuals to function energetically on significantly less sleep than the average adult. While the National Sleep Foundation recommends seven to nine hours of sleep for adults aged 26 to 64, individuals with specific rare mutations or genetic variants can thrive on only four to six and a half hours per night.

Aimee Pugh Bernard, an immunology professor at the University of Colorado, is one such individual. Despite sleeping as little as five hours, she maintains high energy levels for daily activities and work. Research conducted by a team at the University of California has linked such sleep patterns to specific genetic mutations, providing insight into why sleep requirements vary so widely among humans.