Global economic stability faces risks from inflation and geopolitics

The global economy is facing a period of instability characterized by rising inflation, slowing growth, and increasing debt levels. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has issued warnings regarding these multifaceted risks.

Economist Dragan Đuričin notes that traditional macroeconomic models, such as those recently recognized by the Nobel Prize, face limitations in the current climate. He argues that because the economy is a non-linear system, it is increasingly difficult to predict outcomes when geopolitical factors—including wars, sanctions, and trade conflicts—directly influence the behavior of states, companies, and consumers.

In a separate assessment of social security, the Marsh CFA Institute Global Pension Index evaluated 55 pension systems worldwide. The study ranked the Netherlands as having the best pension system globally for the fourth consecutive year, followed by Denmark and Iceland. The index measures systems based on adequacy of benefits, long-term sustainability, and the quality of governance and consumer protection.