Hong Kong scientists develop 3D-printing formula for Mars habitats

Scientists from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology have developed a formula for 3D-printing habitats on Mars. The method utilizes a mixture of Martian regolith (sand), gelatin, and specialized yeast to create a living construction material.

Lead engineer Jishen Qiu noted that the extreme low temperatures and low pressure on Mars act similarly to a freeze-drying process. When the mixture is extruded, the water undergoes sublimation, leaving behind a lightweight, porous, foam-like structure. This material is reported to be as strong as concrete and is both recyclable and reusable.

The specialized yeast used in the mixture is coated with highly adhesive proteins, similar to those mussels use to attach to rocks, to ensure structural integrity. While current successful tests have only produced small domes roughly 45mm high, the technology aims to enable the construction of colonies without the need to transport heavy building materials from Earth.