India advances E20 ethanol blending to bolster energy security

India has emerged as the world’s third-largest ethanol producer, implementing a policy-driven model to achieve 20 per cent ethanol blending (E20). By utilizing a diversified feedstock base of maize, rice, and sugarcane, the country blended approximately 10.39 billion litres of ethanol during the 2024-25 Ethanol Supply Year, with volumes projected to reach nearly 12 billion litres in 2025-26.

The Grain Ethanol Manufacturers Association (GEMA) suggests this roadmap offers a global reference point for strengthening energy security and reducing fossil fuel dependence through consistent policy and industry collaboration.

However, the transition faces domestic debate. While the government maintains that E20 has undergone extensive testing and that millions of vehicles are operating on these blends without widespread engine failure, some vehicle owners have raised concerns regarding reduced mileage and potential damage to older engine components. The Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) recently withdrew a previous warning regarding possible damage from contaminated ethanol-blended fuel, citing a need for further data verification.