Man suffers severe liver damage from consuming fish bile

A 49-year-old man in Vietnam suffered severe acute liver damage after consuming grass carp bile mixed with alcohol, based on folk beliefs that it can ‘strengthen health’ and ‘nourish the liver.’ Following consumption, the patient experienced vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and extreme fatigue. Medical tests at 108 Military Central Hospital revealed significantly elevated liver enzymes, GGT, and triglycerides.

Medical experts warn that certain carp species contain 5α-cyprinol sulfate, a toxin that directly damages liver cells and renal tubules. This toxin is heat-stable, meaning cooking, drying, or soaking it in alcohol does not neutralize its toxicity. Complications can include jaundice, coagulation disorders, and acute kidney injury, which may manifest even after gastrointestinal symptoms subside. There is currently no specific antidote, and treatment focuses on intensive resuscitation and organ support.